https://militarypapers.eta.edu.ge/index.php/militarypapers/issue/feed Military Papers 2024-12-26T13:44:01+04:00 Open Journal Systems <p>The journal has been published by the Academy since 2016. The purpose of the journal is to contribute to the national defense and security. The journal also supports academic research and freedom of information. The magazine carries out the study and analysis of the social and political environment and its adjacent spheres. The main scientific fields and directions of the journal are: defense, international political economy, international relations; international security; history; sociology. The journal is published once a year, in Georgian and English languages.<br /><br /></p> https://militarypapers.eta.edu.ge/index.php/militarypapers/article/view/8486 The formation of defensive fences and long wall structures in the countries of the ancient East 2024-12-25T11:26:56+04:00 Zurab Samkharadze bibliography@sciencelib.ge Givi Sanadze bibliography@sciencelib.ge <p>The study is devoted to the comparative analysis of the fortification art monuments of a number of Eastern states - from ancient Egypt to medieval China. An attempt was made to identify the main stages of the development of defensive structures - from a free fortress to the most complex systems of urban and border defensive fortifications, including castle moats, walls, gates and battle towers. It is shown that the nature of these architectural structures was largely determined by the status of the city or settlement, the characteristics of its natural landscape, the specifics of the construction materials used, the quality of constructions and materials, and the level of development of military and engineering arts. The first fortifications appeared approximately in the 7th-4th millennium BC. Their need arose in connection with the construction of permanent settlements, whose inhabitants were engaged in agriculture. Tied to a certain territory, they were forced to protect their lives and property from the invasions of nomadic tribes. Examples of such fortifications were primitive settlements, permanent and temporary military camps. In these buildings, their creators experimented with a variety of building structures and materials, evaluating their strength and fire resistance. This experience was further developed in the architecture of slave states (ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, etc.). The initial stage of the development of the art of fortification was the construction of relatively small fortresses, which initially served as the fortified centers of permanent settlements. Later they began to be built to protect strategically important objects: water sources, hills, mountain valleys and passes, caravan routes, roads and ports. Various forms, dimensions and methods of spatial combination of walls, battle towers and castle gates were tested on these small "models", the optimal form of battle fences and battle slits was created, methods of building defensive trenches and quickly filling them with water were identified and developed. At the same time, different types of siege constructions and mechanisms were tested, tunnel construction technologies and methods of mining enemy fortifications were developed. This was a strong stimulus for the development of polyorcetics - the art of cities, castles, sieges and defenses. The next stage of the development of the art of fortification was the defense systems of small, medium and large cities. The work discusses the urban fortification systems of Sumer, Assyria, Urartu, ancient Iran, Judea, India and China. The work focuses on the construction of defensive fences and long walls erected on the borders of ancient eastern states. It was noted that these structures took into account the features of the natural relief of the area and the nature of its water sources, as well as the properties of the construction materials used. The defense system of these vast fortresses, the methods of visual and sound communication between watchtowers, mobile detachments and garrisons in the rear, options for their placement and deployment in the event of an enemy appearance were carefully thought out. For example, the experiences of ancient Egypt, Urartu and ancient China (the Great Wall of China) are discussed. These monuments of military architecture have significant scientific value for the further development of defensive fortifications of ancient states (ancient Greece and Rome), the Middle Ages and modern times.</p> 2024-12-26T00:00:00+04:00 Copyright (c) 2024 https://militarypapers.eta.edu.ge/index.php/militarypapers/article/view/8487 სამხედრო ეთიკა 2024-12-25T11:35:17+04:00 თინათინ კროპაძე bibliography@sciencelib.ge <p>This paper presents military ethics as one of the branches of ethics. The aim of the article is to answer the questions: What are military ethics, morality and ethics? It defines the factors influencing the moral values of behavior, moral norms, the so-called “moral philosophy” and more.<br>It is worth noting that the terms “morality” and “ethics” are often used interchangeably. On the one hand, it does not matter which term we use, as in everyday conversation, these words substitute for each other, and people generally understand the intended meaning in a given context. Even philosophers working in this specific field frequently use these terms interchangeably.<br>Military personnel have their own set of rules and codes of conduct, and - except in very serious cases, disciplinary issues are typically addressed within the professional framework.<br>It is noteworthy that while in the civilian sphere people may claim to face ethical dilemmas, true ethical dilemmas in real life are relatively rare. In a military career, however, encountering complex ethical dilemmas is highly likely. This happens more often during wartime because service members are required to make decisions on how to comply with the laws of war, adhere to the rules of engagement, protect themselves and accomplish their mission. Additionally, ethical challenges arise in many other aspects of military life, whether during war or peace.<br>Ethics and high moral standards are closely tied to an individual’s character. To be a virtuous person, one must possess an ethic of virtue. Virtues are reliable habits that become ingrained in a person’s identity. These habits transform and direct individuals toward goodness. Many organizations, including defense forces, emphasize specific virtues that they believe are valuable for the organization. These values are declared as the organization’s core values.<br>In this paper, we have attempted to illustrate the potential consequences of ethical mistakes made by military personnel, how a leader can create a healthy ethical environment within their organization, what contextual and situational factors must be considered for this purpose and so on.</p> 2024-12-26T00:00:00+04:00 Copyright (c) 2024 https://militarypapers.eta.edu.ge/index.php/militarypapers/article/view/8488 The Role of Shelters in Civil Defense 2024-12-25T11:45:14+04:00 Giorgi Skhirtladze bibliography@sciencelib.ge Tornike Kimeridze bibliography@sciencelib.ge Teimuraz Melkadze bibliography@sciencelib.ge <p>This paper is devoted to the review of the creation and evolutionary perfection of shelters in the leading countries of the world and in Georgia at different stages of human development. It is known that in order to reduce the risk of emergency situations, preventive measures are planned, for the implementation of which various structural and non-structural measures are used. The concept of civil defense emerged during World War II and aimed to protect the civilian population from hostilities, especially nuclear threats. Over time, civil defense strategies were developed taking into account the current threats and technology at that time. It should be noted that coordination and preparedness were taking place at the regional and national levels. Civil defense strategies are constantly evolving, on the one hand in response to the emergence of new threats, and on the other hand by developing better response methods to existing threats. Today, many States have built public shelters, which are mostly located in underground spaces, such as subway stations, basements of public buildings, or in buildings specially built for this purpose. In addition to shelters for civilians, there are shelters for military personnel, from which fighters can conduct combat operations.<br>The following main types of modern shelters are discussed. Due to their strength, they can be used in case of nuclear attacks. Nuclear explosion shelters are also designed to protect against radioactive substances. Their construction began during the Cold War, when the threat of nuclear war was high. They were often located in basements, underground structures or specially designated buildings.</p> <p>Considering the danger facing Georgia, it is necessary to maintain the shelter system. This should implementation, like the above-mentioned countries, by developing a legal framework. The law should regulate the specific types of newly built housing (eg size, strategic location, etc.) to have shelters. Also, with the involvement of military engineers, the standard of construction of shelters should be determined and their compliance with the standard should be monitored.</p> 2024-12-26T00:00:00+04:00 Copyright (c) 2024 https://militarypapers.eta.edu.ge/index.php/militarypapers/article/view/8489 The role of total defense for Georgia 2024-12-25T12:00:04+04:00 Gocha Batadze bibliography@sciencelib.ge <p>Nowadays, against the backdrop of current events in the world, such as the Ukraine-Russia war, the events in the Middle East or the finished war between Armenia and Azerbaijan, although the situation is still unresolved, the so-called Implementation of total defense system in Georgia. In its essence, total defense is the deterrence of a powerful aggressor by small countries, and it includes a combination of various features, where civil defense plays an important role along with military defense. The latter is the most important direction, without which no feature of total defense can be successful and productive, including military defense itself.</p> <p>The expediency and necessity of total defense is emphasized by the group of authors in the scientific research project given by the Research Center of the National Defense Academy of Georgia, which clearly shows examples of total defense in other countries and accordingly gives a thorough recommendation for its implementation in Georgia; In which civil defense is the most important component along with military defense. The group of authors points out that [realization of the doctrine of total defense depends on the formation of effective territorial defense forces and an effective civil defense system] and [...proper functioning of civil defense ensures the effectiveness of state management during war].</p> <p>The present article presents the necessity of implementing total defense in Georgia and its role in strengthening the country's defense capabilities, which will make it possible for Georgia to restrain an aggressor with excess forces for a certain time and allow the international community to take effective measures to put pressure on the aggressor country to preserve the sovereignty of Georgia.</p> 2024-12-26T00:00:00+04:00 Copyright (c) 2024 https://militarypapers.eta.edu.ge/index.php/militarypapers/article/view/8491 Municipality - An important Link of the Unified State System of Civil Defense of the Country 2024-12-25T12:53:37+04:00 Tengiz Shubladze bibliography@sciencelib.ge <p>The role of the municipality in the unified state system of civil defense of the country is very important. If we take into account that the main resources of the civil defense system, both human and logistical, are located in the municipality, we conclude that in order to manage these resources it is necessary to create a management body - a permanent headquarters for emergency situations, and in order to reduce or prevent the consequences of expected disasters and hostilities - a Civil Defense Unit. Some groups of the unit will be armed with firearms to perform their functions. These groups, in case of transition to conditions of total defense of the country, will go to pre-selected and prepared places and prepare for guerrilla warfare.</p> 2024-12-26T00:00:00+04:00 Copyright (c) 2024 https://militarypapers.eta.edu.ge/index.php/militarypapers/article/view/8492 მსხვრევადი და არშემდგარი სახელმწიფოები 2024-12-25T13:03:12+04:00 ნინო გოგილავა bibliography@sciencelib.ge <p>Fragile and failed states, as a concept, refer to the condition of countries that are unable to provide effective governance and ensure stability. In such countries, there are organizational flaws in the government, widespread corruption, political and social instability, and the absence of the rule of law. These states often fail to ensure economic development, the protection of human rights, and security. The concept of fragile states includes countries that are on this path, where the situation is generally unbalanced, although they are not yet fully failed. These countries are frequently subject to civil wars, ethnic conflicts, and international intervention. This concept is of critical importance in international relations, as indicators related to a state's strength often determine its sustainability and well-being.</p> 2024-12-26T00:00:00+04:00 Copyright (c) 2024 https://militarypapers.eta.edu.ge/index.php/militarypapers/article/view/8493 „სპეციალური სამხედრო ოპერაცია“ და მისი გავლენა საბრძოლო მოქმედებების გადააზრებაზე 2024-12-25T13:07:30+04:00 დავით თევზაძე bibliography@sciencelib.ge <p>21-ე საუკუნის სამხედრო დაპირისპირებებს შორის, რუსეთის ე.წ. სპეციალური სამხედრო ოპერაცია უკრაინის წინააღმდეგ, მიუხედად იმისა, რომ მისი დასრულების კონტურები ჯერ კიდევ ბუნდოვანებითაა მოცული, შეიძლება ითქვას, რომ უკვე გამორჩეულია. ეს გამორჩეულობა, პრაქტიკულად, ეხება მიმდინარე კონფლიქტის ყველა ასპექტს: ხანგრძლვობა, გეოგრაფია, სამოქალაქო და სამხედრო მსხვერპლის რაოდენობა, ომის დანაშაულებების სტატისტიკა, გახარჯული საბრძოლო მასალის მოცულობა და განადგურებული ჯავშანტექნიკის რაოდენობა, დანგრეული ქალაქებისა და განადგურებული სოფლების სიმრავლე, ახალი შეიარაღება, რომელიც ბრძოლის ველზე ერთბაშად, მასიურად გამოჩდა და სწრაფად ევოლუცუიონირებს, და ბოლოს, კონფლიქტში პირდაპირ თუ ირიბად ჩართული მხარეების რაოდენობა, რომელიც უპრეცენდენტოა მეორე მსოფლიო ომის შემდეგ. ბუნებრივია, სპეციალისტები უკვე ცდილობენ იმ მოვლენათა დინამიკის გააზრებას, რაც რუსეთ-უკრაინის უკიდეგანო სივრცეებზე ხდება.</p> 2024-12-26T00:00:00+04:00 Copyright (c) 2024 https://militarypapers.eta.edu.ge/index.php/militarypapers/article/view/8494 საჰაერო თავდაცვის აქტუალობა და ორგანიზების საფუძვლები 2024-12-25T13:13:52+04:00 ამირან სალუქვაძე bibliography@sciencelib.ge <p>ლოკალური ომების და შეიარაღებული კონფლიქტების გამოცდილება გვიჩვენებს, რომ შეიარაღების და ტექნიკის, ასევე ტექნოლოგიების განვითარებას, მოჰყვება თანამედროვე სამხედრო მოქმედებების ხასიათის ცვლილებები.</p> <p>ათწლეულების განმავლობაში, საჰაერო თავდასხმის საშუალებების განვითარებასთან ერთად, ვითარდებოდა საჰაერო თავდაცვის საშუალებები. საჰაერო თავდასხმის საშუალებების გამოყენების ტაქტიკის, ფორმების და ხერხების დახვეწის პარალელურად, იხვეწებოდა და ვითარდებოდა საჰაერო თავდაცვის საშუალებების გამოყენების ტაქტიკა, ფორმები და ხერხები. ბოლო ომები და კონფლიქტებიც, ეს იქნება ახლო აღმოსავლეთი, მთიანი ყარაბაღი თუ უკრაინა-რუსეთის დაპირისპირება, ამ მხრივ გამორჩეულია.</p> <p>ომის ხასიათი დიდი რაოდენობით სხვადასხვა ტიპის და დანიშნულების უპილოტო საფრენი აპარატების გამოყენებამ მთლიანად შეცვალა. განსაკუთრებით დიდი მასშტაბები მიიღო უპილოტო საფრენი აპარატების გამოყენებამ უკრაინა-რუსეთის ომში. ამ ომმა გვიჩვენა, რომ ე.წ. დრონებს, რომელთა ღირებულება საკმაოდ დაბალია, შეუძლია საკმაოდ დიდი ფინანსური, ეკონომიკური და სამხედრო ზარალი მიაყენოს მოწინააღმდეგე მხარეს.</p> <p>უპილოტო საფრენი აპარატების მასობრივ გამოყენებას საჰაერო თავდასხმის სხვა ტიპის საშუალებების, თვითმფრინავების, შვეულმფრენების და სხვადასხვა ბაზირების თუ დანიშნულების რაკეტების ან ბომბების გამოყენების აქტუალობა არ შეუმცირებია.</p> <p>უკრაინა-რუსეთის ომის მიმდინარეობისას, თვალს ვადევნებთ უპილოტო და პილოტირებადი ავიაციის, ასევე სარაკეტო კომპლექსების როგორც ცალ-ცალკე გამოყენებას, ასევე მათი გამოყენებით კომბინირებულ მასირებულ გამოყენებას.</p> <p>ორივე ქვეყნის შეიარაღებული ძალები ომის მსვლელობისას ხვეწავს და ავითარებს როგორც საჰაერო თავდასხმის, ისე თავდაცვის საშუალებების ტაქტიკას, იგონებენ ბრძოლის (თავდასხმის, თავდაცვის) ახალ მეთოდებს და ხერხებს.</p> <p>მნიშვნელოვანია აღინიშნოს, რომ საომარი მოქმედებების მიმდინარეობისას ხდება ახალი სისტემების შექმნა. გაცილებით შემცირებულია დრო სიახლის შექმნიდან, საბრძოლო საბრძოლო გამოყენებამდე. რუსეთის მხრიდან ვრცელდება ინფორმაციები, რომ მწარმოებელი ქარხნების, საკონსტრუქტორო ბიუროების წარმომადგენლები პირდაპირ საბრძოლო მოქმედებების რაიონში, ჯარებთან ერთად არიან და აკვირდებიან ახალი სისტემების გამოცდას, იღებენ შენიშვნებს უშუალო ექსპლოატანტებისგან. მშვიდობიან პერიოდში გაცილებით მეტი ბიუროკრატიაა და მეტი დრო იხარჯება საკონსტრუქტორო ბიუროდან სერიულ წარმოებამდე.</p> <p>ყოველივე ეს მიგვანიშნებს, რომ აუცილებელია თანამედროვე გამოცდილების სიღრმისეული შესწავლა და სამხედრო მოქმედებებისთვის წინასწარი და საფუძვლიანი მომზადება.</p> <p>ჯარების ერთადერთი სახეობა (გვარეობა), რომელსაც შესწევს უნარი და ევალება პირველი ჩაებას საბრძოლო მოქმედებებში და მაქსიმალურად შეამციროს საჰაერო თავდასხმის საშუალებების ეფექტიანობა, ესაა ავიაციის და საჰაერო თავდაცვის ძალები.</p> <p>ამისათვის მნიშვნელოვანია, ომების და კონფლიქტების გამოცდილების შესწავლის, სამხედრო თეორიის განვითარების საფუძველზე, განხორციელდეს საჰაერო თავდაცვის დროული ორგანიზება.</p> <p>წინამდებარე და შემდგომ სტატიებში განვიხილავთ საჰაერო თავდაცვის თეორიულ საფუძვლებს, თანამედროვე ომების გამოცდილების შესწავლიდან გამომდინარე სიახლეებს, საჰაერო თავდაცვის ორგანიზების ალგორითმს და ღონისძიებებს.<br><br></p> 2024-12-26T00:00:00+04:00 Copyright (c) 2024 https://militarypapers.eta.edu.ge/index.php/militarypapers/article/view/8498 ოპერაცია ,,ოვერლორდი’’: შეცდომაში შეყვანის და საცეცხლე მხადაჭერის ეფექტი 2024-12-25T16:03:13+04:00 ნიკოლოზ ხაჩიძე bibliography@sciencelib.ge <p>The paper discusses one of the largest naval landing operations in the world called “Overlord”. This operation was carried out on the Normandy coast in 5 directions: “UTAH”, “OMAHA”, “GOLD”, “JONO”, “SWORD”. During the operation, a combination of various aspects was identified, although the paper discusses only two of them - the deception operation and fire support. Only one of the aforementioned directions, “OMAHA”, created a problem, although later the Allied forces also achieved success in this direction.</p> <p>Ultimately, the paper emphasizes the importance of deception and fire support for the implementation of such a large-scale and complex operation. Because the deception operation played an important role in the planning stage of the operation, and the German side was unprepared for the start of the landing process. As for fire support, the allied forces provided precise and coordinated fire in support of the landing force.</p> 2024-12-26T00:00:00+04:00 Copyright (c) 2024 https://militarypapers.eta.edu.ge/index.php/militarypapers/article/view/8499 ირანის ბირთვული პროგრამის საკითხის გააქტიურება ისლამური რევოლუციის შემდეგ (სამხედრო პოლიტიკური ასპექტები) 2024-12-25T17:49:32+04:00 Omar Turmanidze bibliography@sciencelib.ge <p>Iran's nuclear program became relevant for the US and the West after the Iranian Islamic Revolution. It is worth noting the fact that Iran started working on the mentioned program with the support of the West before the Islamic Revolution. After the new regime was established in Iran, the dependence of the US and its allies on Iran's nuclear program changed negatively. Sanctions were periodically imposed on Iran and it was demanded to stop working on its nuclear program. Despite the sanctions, Iran has not stopped working on this program.<br>In 2015, an agreement was reached between Iran and the West regarding the nuclear program, as a result of which sanctions were lifted on the country. This agreement was short-lived. The US has violated the nuclear deal and reimposed sanctions on Iran. The process of imposing sanctions continues to this day, but finding ways to find a solution is also on the agenda</p> 2024-12-26T00:00:00+04:00 Copyright (c) 2024 https://militarypapers.eta.edu.ge/index.php/militarypapers/article/view/8495 ონტოლოგიური უსაფრთხოება 2024-12-25T13:23:20+04:00 ნიკოლოზ ესიტაშვილი bibliography@sciencelib.ge <p>The theory of ontological security emphasizes the role of human social and psychological aspects in international politics to overcome the obvious shortcomings of classical theories. The following paper provides an overview of unparalleled works in sociology, psychology, political science/international relations, whose works laid the foundation for the new pearl of international relations theories that I recommend you to familiarize yourself with.</p> 2024-12-26T00:00:00+04:00 Copyright (c) 2024 https://militarypapers.eta.edu.ge/index.php/militarypapers/article/view/8496 The Philosophy of Mission Command – Genesis, the Elements and the Implementation Problems in the Georgian Armed Forces 2024-12-25T15:42:08+04:00 Archil Chachkhiani bibliography@sciencelib.ge <p>სტატიაში განხილულია თანამედროვე საომარ გარემოში სამხედრო ოპერაციებისა და ბრძოლების ოპერატიული თუ ტაქტიკური მართვის ის კონცეფცია, რომელიც სამხედრო ხელოვნების სფეროში ამოცანით მართვის დასახელებითაა შესული. განმარტებულია ამ ტერმინის არსი და მნიშვნელობა და წარმოდგენილია ამ მეტად საინტერესო ფილოსოფიური ფენომენის როგორც გენეზისი, ასევე მისი ისტორიული ევოლუციის გზა და ის პრობლემები თუ გამოწვევები, რასაც აწყდებოდა ამოცანით მართვის იმპლიმენტაცია ამა თუ იმ სამხედრო ორგანიზაციაში.</p> <p>ამოცანით მართვის კონცეფცია რეალუარდ ჯარების დირექტიულ მართვას ან დავალებაზე ორიენტირებულ ტაქტიკას გამოხატავს და ჯარების მართვის ხელოვნებისადმი განსაკუთრებულ მიდგომას აღწერს. ეს არის სამხედრო მეთაურის მიერ მიღებულ საბრძოლო დავალების შესრულებაზე ორიენტირებული მოქმედებების ტაქტიკა, სადაც მეთაურის მოქმედებები შექმნილი ოპერატიული ვითარების საკუთარ აღქმასა და შემდგომი გადაწყვეტილებების მიღებაზე არის დამყარებული. შესაბამისად, ამ ფილოსოფიაში მოქმედებების პრიმატი არის ხაზგასმული. წარმოდგენილი სტატიის პირველ ნაწილში სწორედ ეს საკითხები და ამ პროცესის განვითარების ისტორიული გზა არის განხილული. მართალია ამ კონცეფციის ისტორიული მაგალითები ჯერ კიდევ ანტიკური ხანიდან, ალექსანდრე მაკედონელის დროიდან მომდინარეობს და ამოცანით მართვის მაგალითებს საქართველოს სამხედრო ისტორიის ანალებშიც ვხვდებით, თუმცა, ამ შემთხვევებს, რა თქმა უნდა, ვერ განვიხილავთ ამ მეტად საინტერესო ფილოსოფიის ფორმალიზებულ მაგალითებად. აქ საქმე გაცილებით კომპლექსურ პრობლემასთან გვაქვს. ჩვენ არ ვსაუბრობთ იმ ცალკეულ მეთაურებზე, რომლებიც ამოცანის მართვით აღასრულებდნენ ოპერაციებს თუ ცალკეულ ბრძოლებს. ასეთი პერსონები ვერც მაშინ ქმნიდნენ ამინდს და ვერც ახლა შექმნიან მას. საქმე იმაშია, რომ ამოცანით მართვის ფილოსოფია ყველა დონის სამეთაურო რგოლში უნდა დაინერგოს და ეს კულტურა ოფიცერთა კორპუსისა და სერჟანტთა პირადი შემადგენლობის აბსოლუტური უმრავლესობის მიერ ორგანულად უნდა იყოს შეთვისებული.</p> <p>ისტორიული რეალობა ის არის, რომ ფორმალიზებული სახის მიღება ამოცანით მართვამ მთელი რიგი სამხედრო-პოლიტიკური მიზეზებიდან გამომდინარე, მხოლოდ მე-19 საუკუნის პრუსიაში დაიწყო. პრუსიის სამხედრო ისთებლიშმენტმა სწორად განასზღვრა, რომ ყველა სამხედრო ინსტიტუტის მთავარი არსი უნდა ყოფილიყო ორგანიზაციული მოქნილობა და მკაცრად ფიქსირებული შეზღუდვების არქონა. არსებული მოთხოვნებიდან და დასმული ამოცანებიდან გამომდინარე, ყველა დონის მეთაურს უნდა ჰქონოდა შესაძლებლობა შეეცვალა საარმიო სტრუქტურები. პრუსიელები დროზე მიხვდნენ, რომ პრობლემის გადასაჭრელად მუდმივად მოეთხოვებოდათ ინიციატივა აზროვნებაში და კონკრეტული ოპერატიული ვითარების დროს გადაწყვეტილების მიღება საერთო სტრატეგიული გეგმის ფარგლებს გარეთ გაუსვლელად. წარმატების კრიტერიუმი კი, მიღებული შედეგი იყო და არა ამ შედეგის მიღწევის გზები.</p> <p>ამოცანით მართვის კონცეფციის რეალურად ხორცშესხმა კი უკვე პირველი მსოფლიო ომის შემდგომ გერმანიაში და მის შეიარაღებულ ძალებში – რაიხსვერში მოხდა.</p> 2024-12-26T00:00:00+04:00 Copyright (c) 2024 https://militarypapers.eta.edu.ge/index.php/militarypapers/article/view/8497 Georgian Armed Forces - Naval Forces 2024-12-25T15:52:06+04:00 David Margiani bibliography@sciencelib.ge <p>The given scientific paper presents significant information that chronologically describes the creation, development, and subsequent formation processes of the Georgian Navy. The Georgian Navy is one of the important directions for the country, as the state has a maritime area that represents a vulnerable aspect in the face of the clear military superiority of potential adversaries. This is especially pertinent given that the Russian Federation actively uses its naval capabilities to support operations in the ongoing military actions in Ukraine. It is also essential to share the historical experience gained by Georgia from the 2008 military conflict.</p> <p>Consequently, the main goal of this paper is to familiarize the interested public with the history of the Georgian Navy, its stages of development chronologically, and the perspectives and challenges it faces in light of current realities. Additionally, the paper provides certain recommendations that could be considered to prevent mistakes in Georgia's future.</p> 2024-12-26T00:00:00+04:00 Copyright (c) 2024 https://militarypapers.eta.edu.ge/index.php/militarypapers/article/view/8500 Critical thinking as an important factor in the formation of a military leader 2024-12-25T17:55:46+04:00 Konstantine Petriashvili bibliography@sciencelib.ge <p>The article covers the understanding of the main characteristics of becoming a leader in the military service. The leader of the Georgian Defense Forces is the commander. Success in battle largely depends on his management based on critical thinking. The self-control, balance, and strength of character of a military leader have a great influence on his ability. To establish himself as a leader in the Georgian Defense Forces, it is necessary to evaluate and take into account both the critical thinking of the commander and the results achieved during his leadership.</p> <p>In Georgia and the world in general, military personnel, and especially military commanders, have always represented the elite of this nation and society. Their presence and actions, not only in military affairs but also in public life, are always appreciated and emulated by ordinary citizens.</p> <p>The topic discusses the actions of a leader in three main environments, such as - 1) subordinate personnel; 2) superiors, and 3) non-service environment. Establishing a leader in these circumstances does not depend only on personal skills and is a complex and cognitive process. Formation and development as leaders begin from the day of enlistment in the military service and continue in parallel with the career and citizenship growth of the individual. The development of military leadership skills is always based on the criteria of the individual's presence, intelligence, and actions, as well as the fighter's convictions, strength of character, physical health, tact, achievement of results, and other basic characteristics of leadership.</p> <p>The conclusion of the article states that to develop as a leader and to further reveal leadership qualities, it is advisable to constantly develop the intellectual knowledge of the leader. It is also important to strengthen his critical and innovative approach skills. As a result, all this will form military commanders as worthy leaders and prominent figures in the country.</p> 2024-12-26T00:00:00+04:00 Copyright (c) 2024 https://militarypapers.eta.edu.ge/index.php/militarypapers/article/view/8501 მოსახლეობის შიდა მიგრაციის პრობლემები და გამოწვევები 2024-12-25T18:07:25+04:00 Raul Pevadze bibliography@sciencelib.ge <p>Population migration is a complex social process caused by the changes in production and economic structure, as well as by the increase of labor and social mobility of the population. Many medium and small cities have experienced internal migration processes in recent years. Exceptions are large urban agglomerations, some resort and recreation centers. Like the villages, small towns mostly lose young people, who form a contingent of educational migrants and constitute a significant portion of labor migrants to big cities. Cities, that do not have sufficiently diversified labor markets and educational centers, lose 20-30% of young people. As a result, the population is subject to accelerated ageing, the reproduction potential is significantly degraded.</p> <p>The socio-philosophic approach to migration problems aims to develop a general concept for understanding migration processes. In the context of the contradictory perception of the phenomenon of migration and, at the same time, the increasing mobility of people in the modern society, it is a social philosophy that makes it possible to develop constructive methodological principles for the study of social movements. Thus, socio-philosophic research becomes the theoretical basis for different interpretations and attitudes towards the migratory mobility of people. The interdisciplinary nature of the problem determines the use of a set of different research methods based on the implementation of systemic, socio-cultural, socio-psychological, comparative and other approaches, which provide results that objectively reflect the current status of the problem, allow to determine the reasons of migration and develop scientifically based recommendations.</p> <p>This Paper discusses the content of this process, determines the types of internal migration and defines its characteristics. Internal migration is the movement of people from one region to another within the same country. Internal migration is one form of population migration. Usually, main reasons are economic factors - a level of income and expenditure, as well as the quality of life. Internal migration is common to many countries. One of the examples is urbanization - the movement of people from villages to cities. Internal migration is the movement of population within the territory of Georgia. It may be forced or voluntary. Voluntary resettlement is observed when citizens voluntarily move to another place due to personal circumstances. Forced migration occurs when there is an unavoidable necessity to move to another region: due to violence on the basis of nationality or race, threat to life or other reasons. This type of migration affects the labor market and employment in different ways. On one hand, it causes additional expenses for accommodation of internally displaced persons and refugees, payment of certain monetary benefits for them, etc. The economic condition and demographic situation may deteriorate. Migration has a significant impact on the employment of the population, the balance of labor force and the jobs both in individual regions and in the country as a whole. Migration causes a change of the structure and number of the population in individual territories of the state. It also causes a formation of groups of the employed and unemployed ablebodied population. In this process, much attention is paid to the gender and age structure of migrants since the disproportionality of such migrants has a negative impact on the development of the region that people leave.</p> 2024-12-26T00:00:00+04:00 Copyright (c) 2024 https://militarypapers.eta.edu.ge/index.php/militarypapers/article/view/8502 The Results of Asymmetric Warfare in Relation to Georgia 2024-12-25T18:13:14+04:00 Dimitri Baduashvili bibliography@sciencelib.ge <p>This article defines asymmetric warfare, describes its key components and characteristics, and highlights Georgia's primary adversary and main enemy, the Russian Federation, along with the threats posed by it. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of asymmetric warfare and the threats facing Georgia, the article discusses the potential outcomes of asymmetric warfare for Georgia. In predicting the expected outcomes, the analysis considers both Georgia's capabilities and those of its adversary, the Russian Federation. Furthermore, the opinions presented in the article are supported by examples and experiences from the recent past.</p> 2024-12-26T00:00:00+04:00 Copyright (c) 2024 https://militarypapers.eta.edu.ge/index.php/militarypapers/article/view/8503 Trump and Ukraine, the Role of New Republican Policy in the Development of the Conflict 2024-12-25T18:17:57+04:00 Giorgi Gagua bibliography@sciencelib.ge <p>The conflict between Ukraine and Russia, especially since Russia’s annexation of Crimea in 2014 and its invasion of Ukraine in 2022, has been significantly influenced by U.S. policy, with different administrations taking different positions on the issue. A particularly notable influence on the development of this conflict has been the political trajectory of former U.S. President Donald Trump and the evolving role of the Republican Party. Trump’s policies, rhetoric, and dynamics within the Republican Party have had a significant impact on U.S. foreign policy toward Ukraine and the broader geopolitical situation in Eastern Europe. During his campaign for the 2024 U.S. presidential election, Trump stated that he could resolve the conflict in twenty-four hours, but did not specify the exact steps he would take to achieve this. For almost three years now, there has been a state of war in Ukraine, and the current situation in the world is worsening day by day. Never before have states been so close to World War III as they are now. Therefore, it is important for world leaders to take important steps to maintain stability and peace, which will escalate international conflicts and land redistribution. It is important to understand the role of the United States in this regard and what the political steps of its new president will be in the perspective of common peace.</p> 2024-12-26T00:00:00+04:00 Copyright (c) 2024