Demographic Challenges and Their Impact on Military Recruitment: Global Trends and the Case of Georgia

Abstract

Demographic transformations, including population aging, declining fertility rates, and changing social structures, pose significant challenges to military conscription systems worldwide. This study analyzes global demographic trends and their impact on military recruitment and conscription, with specific focus on Georgia. Through comparative analysis of international practices and demographic data, this research examines how countries adapt their military service policies to address shrinking recruitment pools. The findings reveal that developed countries face severe challenges in maintaining adequate military personnel due to demographic transitions, while emerging economies like country Georgia must balance traditional conscription models with demographic realities. The study concludes that successful military recruitment strategies require comprehensive demographic planning, alternative service models, and integration of technological solutions to maintain defense capabilities in an era of demographic decline.