Dynamics of Military Expenditure Growth in Both the Region and the World

Abstract

The planning of the military, i.e. the defense budget, its formation is an important part of the military policy of any state. The militarized country, the region and the world are assessed by the parameters of the military expenditures of the states. The planning of the military, i.e. the defense budget, its formation is an important part of the military policy of any state. The militarized country, the region and the world are evaluated by the parameters of the military expenditures of the states. The trend of military expenditure growth is maintained. In 2022, the total military expenditures of all countries reached a record - 2.24 trillion US dollars.
The structure of military expenses of any state, studying the dynamics of its changes, keeping expenses at a stable level, their decrease and increase, allow specialists to draw many conclusions. While studying the structure of costs, the most important attention is paid to the components, which emphasis is placed, whether excess stocks are accumulated or not, etc.
Military expenses are the financial expenses of the state, spent for the preparation of the defense forces for military operations, as well as for providing them in every way, both during the peace period and during the military operations. In general the trend of cost growth is influenced by the the following factors:
- Inflation, increase in prices for armaments;
- Tense geopolitical situation;
- The certain nature of recent wars and conflicts;
- Betting on modern weapons and high technologies.
Military expenditures of the state should allow:
- to ensure the equipping of the defense forces with modern weapons, equipment, and proper supplies of ammunition;
- to create a military-material base of the defense forces;
- to develop the local military industry;
- to develop modern military technologies;
- to create a social-economic security base for military personnel.
The increase in military expenses directly depends on geopolitical situation, including threats and risks facing the state on the one hand, and on the economic development of the state on the other hand.The analysis of the military expenditures of any country, including the dynamics of changes, growth or reduction, budget priorities allows to assess the following aspects: the threats facing this particular country are increasing or decreasing. Of course, this would be a misrepresentation of the vision of these authorities, and not the evaluations seen from the outside.
The analysis of priorities of military expenditure also allows us to make different conclusions. The priorities of a particular country are clearly visible in military expenditure. Here it is clearly seen whether the emphasis is on the social problems of the army, the military, or on the combat component, ground component, aviation, defensive armament or, on the contrary, on the offensive. The analysis also shows whether the shortfall in existing stocks is being filled, whether excess stocks are being created, whether the stockpiles are being replenished, or whether any component is strengthening compared to neighboring countries.
In terms of military expenditure, the United States of America maintains its leading position. In 2003, the US defense budget was 368 billion dollars, and in 2022 became 801 billion dollars. The planned budget for 2023 is 858 billion US dollars.